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three letters
ON
THE VOISEY JUDGMENT
AND
THE CHRISTIAN EVIDENCE SOCIETY’S LECTURES.
REV. GEORGE WHEELWRIGHT,
MEET. COLL., OXON.,
VICAR OF CROWHURST.
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS SCOTT,
MOUNT PLEASANT, RAMSGATE.
Price Sixpence.
�THREE LETTERS, &c.
-------- ♦---------
IR, —Many doubtless have read with pleasure the
article upon Mr Voysey’s trial, which appeared
in the Examiner of February 25th 1871. Many, too,
will echo the ominous words with which it closes :
“ Every such judgment tells more against the Church
than against the individual condemned: it puts
another nail into its coffin,”—and in truth the last
charge against Mr Voysey (derogation and depraving
of Holy Scripture) leaves the clergy in a most per
plexing situation. All knew them to be muzzled
slaves, and yet hardly thought that the muzzle fitted
as closely as the Lord Chancellor is determined to
make it. One result I venture to predict from the
Voysey judgment—the opening of people’s eyes to
the immense gulf that now separates the two
antagonists, Orthodoxy and Free-thought. Hitherto
it has been the object of many well-meaning persons
to make this appear less than it really is—as not so
very serious after all. However much many have
tried to patch up an unreal agreement between them,
it is from this moment impossible—henceforth it is
“ guerra a cuchillo,” and there is no discharge in that
war, one or other must yield. How many amiable
but weak attempts have been made to reconcile
Scripture with science, as the phrase is; to shew
that the two can go arm in arm without dispute or
jostling! Good-bye to all such pleasant dreams!
We are now told plainly that the Church’s living
S
�and Christian Evidence Society's Lectures.
5
to. Can anything be more characteristic of the per
versity of our ecclesiastical rulers than the way in
which the Ritual Commission has dealt with the
Athanasian Creed ? Has it granted any relief to the
laity who are still compelled to listen and be damned?
So far from it, that a dispute has actually been carried
on in the Times between certain members of the said
Commission as to what its real opinion upon the sub
ject was. The same mulish obstinacy meets us at
every turn. Not a jot nor a tittle will our rulers
surrender. We laugh at the Papal “ non possumus
it is just the same here. Relief and concession have
to be forced from them. Surely the events that have
lately passed before their eyes should act as a warning.
Let them think of the French statesman and his vain
boast, “ Pas unpouce de notre territoire, pas une pierre
de nos forteresses.”
It is of no use to be for ever beating about the
bush—lip salve never yet cured heart-disease; and
religious belief in England (as our forefathers under
stood the words) is paralyzed at the core. The
whole question of miracles will have to be faced
sooner or later, and the more our minds get accus
tomed to this fact the better. The present is an era
of rapid changes. Events that appeared at one time
impossible, now take place in the natural order of
things, and the only cause for wonder is that they have
been so long in coming. And thus it is that the
present is called an infidel age, wanting in reverence
and respect for religion. Is it so ? Let the great
debate upon education bear witness. Did the people
ask for education without religion—were they satis
fied with merely secular teaching ? The immense
majority for religious instruction proves to me that
we are just as our forefathers—a stubborn generation,
not a faithless one : our hold upon religion is as
firm as ever. We cling to it with the grasp of death.
We are quite as God-fearing as they; but, and here
�and Christian Evidence Society’s Lectures,
y
minds are becoming awakened, their judgments un
fettered, their eyes opened, their ears unstopped, and
the first use they make of their liberty is to turn upon
their spiritual pastors and masters with the direct
question, “ Are these things so 1—we have heard these
words for many a long year—from our childhood the
same story has been in our ears. We enquire of our
fathers—of the years that are past, and all tell the
same tale—they have known none other. Is it then
all true, ‘ are these things so ? ’ ”
All over the land is this query pricking and
stirring men’s hearts—diverse in form and mode.
One puts it in this shape, another in that. One can
stomach this—his fellow stickles at that. The Bible
is torn piecemeal. Brave is the man who can
swallow the whole at a gulp, and feel none the worse
for it—but alas ! for this degenerate age—ofo/ vuv
(Bpotoi sl<ri—such hearty digestions are rare indeed.
I remember once sitting upon a fallen log in the
backwoods of America, and discussing Bible matters
with an old Buckeye (as the Ohio men were then
styled) and the only thing that troubled his primitive
imagination was the tale of Samson and the foxes—
“ the darn’d skunks ” as he called them—it was
impossible—he was sure he himself could never have
done it, and he had trapped and hunted ever since he
could draw a trigger.
Caricature you will say—no rude image neverthe
less of men’s thoughts in this present age. Each one
has his Samson and the Foxes—his own particular ob
jection, doubt and difficulty, and be sure the day is not
far distant when the long pent up murmurs will swell
into one loud chorus of dissent, which the clergy and
ministers of every denomination will find impossible
to stifle, and very hard to answer.
These thoughts passed across my mind upon
reading a paragraph in the Times of last April 26th,
headed “ Christianity versus Scepticism,” and giving
�and Christian Evidence Society’s Lectures.
9
time for the authorized teachers and expounders of
Holy Writ to come down from their lofty pedestals
and stem the torrent which is bursting in upon us
from so many and such different quarters. Sooth to
say—it is none too soon. For the temper of the pre
sent age is not to be played with, pooh-poohed, or put
aside with the cold remark, “ we have heard this
before, the Church and the World never did agree,
nor ever will." So much the worse for the Church
then—if she cannot lead men, she must give up all
thoughts of driving them. If she can return a
satisfactory answer to all that is implied in those
words, “ are these things "so,” well and good, if not,
she must give place to those that can. Let her look
well to her armour and the joints of her harness, for
new times bring new weapons, and unless she can
forge something very different from aught that her
armoury has yet supplied, I fear that perilous days
are in store for her. Theologians can no longer
shelter themselves behind the ample shield of Bishop
Butler, or fly for refuge to Paley and Lardner. Arch
bishop Thomson himself confesses in the notes to his
“ Bampton Lectures on the Atonement," that “ the
Analogy of Bishop Butler by no means covers all the
ground contested at present,’’ and yet he finds a
sufficient defence in the works of the two writers
above mentioned. Truly this is going down to
Egypt for help, a staff no better than a broken reed.
I look upon this fact of Divines turning Lecturers as
the greatest compliment that could be paid to the
spirit of Free Enquiry which is now abroad. That
the missiles with which modern Criticism has for the
last thirty years been fighting the great battle of Free
Thought should have at last pierced the pachy
dermatous hide of slumbering orthodoxy; and so
stung Prelates and Preachers that for very shame
they can no longer keep silence, is indeed a thing to
make a note of. And moreover that they should
�and Christian Evidence Society's Lectures, n
Since last I wrote to you, Sir, the oracle has de
livered its response—Bos loculus est—eleven doughty
champions of orthodoxy have shown us with what
vigour they can repel the assaults and stem the tide
of infidelity, which, as they assert, is rushing in upon
this devoted land; and after a careful perusal of their
several lucubrations, I am bound to confess that the
great doings of Dame Partington and her mop have
received in them a fresh illustration. Every one
knows the story of the starving peasants in France
previous to the First Revolution, when their bitter
cry for bread reached at last the gilded halls of the
Tuileries, and the Queen, amazed at the importunity
of the “wordy peoples,” asked naively, why, if they
were without bread, did they not eat those dear little
buns which her Majesty, and the other grandes dames
du Palais found so palatable. Now it seems to me
that our hierarchy are pretty much of the Queen’s
way of thinking, as I shall show further on. For
years past a storm has been brewing in fitful, violent
gusts, striking upon the Church’s venerated fabric
from every quarter of the compass—doctrine after doc
trine challenged—time-honoured traditions assailed
and overthrown—old landmarks obliterated—the.
veil torn ruthlessly from so called mysteries—prac
tices hallowed by the superstitious reverence of past
ages stripped of their tinsel covering, brought forth
and exposed to the garish light of day—“ what was
once rejected as heresy now all but recognised as
Dogma,” and become the common talk of men, until
at last the culminating point is reached in the Voysey
case, and our spiritual guides and leaders are forced,
per fas aut nefas, to confess that silence on their part
is no longer becoming; in fact, impossible.
How many vexed questions, how many perplexed
and anxious thoughts have the last ten years awak
ened in the breasts of men—a restless uneasiness,
one knows not why or wherefore, has grown up in
�and Christian Evidence Society’s Lectures. 13
the so-called facts which we have been taught to
believe in about the Christian religion, facts indeed,
or ecclesiastical fictions ? Are we to look upon what
we find recorded in the Bible as true in its history,
true in all its details as our teachers have always told
us ? Is the old saying, ‘ Gospel true,’ to pass any
longer current amongst men ?”
What is the reply ? The querists, serious and
earnest men (sceptics though they be), are seeking for
some solid, wholesome mental food to strengthen and
nourish both their hearts and intellects, and, as I said
at the beginning of this letter, the Archbishop and
his coadjutors when asked for bread, deal out buns
instead, and moreover stale buns, of a somewhat
puffy and indigestible kind. Let an unprejudiced
reader go through these eleven lectures (they should
have made up the baker’s dozen) and point, if he
can, to any doubts dispelled by them, to honest
difficulties openly and manfully faced.
A few words shall substantiate this. The lectures
are broken up into three groups, the first treats
of three subjects—Materialism, Pantheism, Positiv
ism ; the second of science and revelation, and the
nature and place of the miraculous testimony to
Christianity; group the third embraces the following
subjects—the gradual development of revelation, the
alleged historical difficulties of the Old and New
Testament, the mythical theories of Christianity, the
evidential value of St Paul’s Epistles, Christ’s teaching
and influence on the world, the completeness and
adequacy of the evidences of Christianity. Such is
the Bishops’ answer, such their mode of dealing with
the religious problems of the present day, and I
maintain that as controversial writings (it is in this
light only that I am viewing them) they are valueless,
and worse, they are damaging to the sacred cause
which they have been put forth to defend. With one
or two exceptions, hardly any of the real difficulties
�and Christian Evidence Society's Lectures. 15
fathers after the sober fashion of by-gone days,
but who can no longer believe all that their ancestors
did, or follow them in their blind unquestioning
faith, their docile submission to their spiritual pas
tors and masters. Sad will it be if ever the thought
and intelligence of this land revolt from the Church’s
teaching, as no longer answering to their spiritual needs
and aspirations, to that yearning for greater breadth
and freedom, that passionate desire for the Truth, the
whole Truth, and nothing but the Truth, which
has seized upon so many hearts at the present day,
making itself heard in the oft-repeated question, “are
these things so 1 ”
Two much mooted points are especially prominent
in the controversy we are now engaged in, viz.,—■
The moral difficulties that are felt in reference to
some parts of the Old Testament, and. secondly,
the authenticity of St John’s Gospel, and it is truly
ominous to find them both omitted from these Lec
tures. W^e are told indeed in the Preface that a
Lecturer could not be got for the first, and with
regard to the latter, Professor Lightfoot,. who had
undertaken it, expressed a desire that his Lecture
should not be published. Bishop Ellicott speaks of
this as most unfortunate and regretable—hiatus
vcdde deflendus—and well he may, for after the great
question of miracles there is none of such grave
import as this of the Fourth Gospel. Considering
how much depends upon it, one is struck with
wonder at the cool audacity which professes to meet
its adversaries in fair and open combat, and then
shrinks from the very trial that would most have
put its manhood to the test. What must the outside
world think of such a proceeding 1 What is this,
but giving great occasion to the enemies of the
Truth to blaspheme ? Of the whole eleven Lec
tures, there are only three that can be said to deal
with the special difficulties of our day, viz
The
�and Christian Evidence Society’s Lectures.
words •, but the Professor has no such fear, and he
certainly manages to make a very small argument
go a long way. How far this dialectical skill would
avail against an unbeliever in the fact of the
Resurrection appears somewhat doubtful. I would
ask any impartial reader of this Lecture whether he
has got out of it all that the writer thinks he has
put therein. The most that can be said is that
St Paul believed in the Resurrection, and fortifies
that belief by recounting the other traditionary
appearances of our Lord, which were current in
the church at his day. We now come to the Lecture
which has the most direct bearing upon the chief
stumbling block of our age, viz :—the question of
miracles. Years ago M. Guizot maintained it as
a special difficulty of Religion, to get people to
believe in the supernatural. And this spirit of
incredulity, like an avalanche set in motion, gathers
force and intensity with each succeeding year. A
singular instance of this has just presented itself
in the case of Dr Kalisch, the well known Biblical
expositor.
In his elaborate Commentary upon the Pentateuch
(of which the first volume, containing the Book of
Exodus, appeared in 1855) he describes the Plagues
of Egypt as based upon natural circumstances, adding
that “ their miraculous character is unmistakeably
observable in the following points,” which he then
proceeds to enumerate. Whereas, in the first part of
his Commentary on Leviticus (lately published) in
the chapter on “ The Theology of the Past and the
Future,” he says plainly, “ Miracles are both 'impossible and incredible—impossible because against the
established laws of the universe, and incredible be
cause those set forth by tradition, are palpable inven
tions of unhistoric times.” Which now is Philip
drunk, and which Philip sober here ? But to proceed
with Dr Stoughton’s Lecture on. the Nature, and
�and Christian Evidence Society’s Lectures. 19
Testament subserve a moral end or purpose; or he
knew how impossible it now is to get people to be
lieve in the ark’s capability for holding a pair of all
living creatures, the standing still of the sun, or its
going backward on the dial—in Balaam’s ass or
Jonah’s whale—in the death of twenty-seven thousand
people at once by the sudden fall of a wall—or in
that most stupendous miracle of the Old Testament,
the recovery to life of the dead Moabite when his
body touched the bones of Elisha.
Whatever be his reason, the love of simplicity or
what not, this shirking of the most difficult part of
his argument tells strongly against him; it is no
proof of faith in a cause, to keep half of it in the
dark, and every one feels that the whole Book must
stand or fall together. But as Dr Stoughton well
knows, one thing and one thing only, could make
men accept the whole of the Bible as strictly and per
fectly true, viz., the belief in its Infallible Inspiration.
So long were its pages beyond the breath of cavil,
none dared to raise his voice or stretch forth his
hand against the sacred ark of God’s truth. But this
incubus once removed, this bugbear of literal inter
pretation taken out of the way, and henceforth men
were free to make diligent and honest inquiry into
the truth of what they read in the Bible, and the
first fruits of this freedom we are now reaping in
England.
One thing we may thank the Bishops for, the
generous and kindly spirit in which they regard the
scepticism of the present day; neither is this as easy
a matter as one might think it. Call to mind the
flood of abuse which theologians have been too prone
to heap upon an opponent; their ferocious hatred of
everything that bore the name of Free-thought; the
determination to find therein* “ a set and system of
opinions, the most slavish, the most abject and base,
* Bentley’s Phileleutherus Lipsiensis, p. 4.
���
Dublin Core
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Victorian Blogging
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of digitised nineteenth-century pamphlets from Conway Hall Library & Archives. This includes the Conway Tracts, Moncure Conway's personal pamphlet library; the Morris Tracts, donated to the library by Miss Morris in 1904; the National Secular Society's pamphlet library and others. The Conway Tracts were bound with additional ephemera, such as lecture programmes and handwritten notes.<br /><br />Please note that these digitised pamphlets have been edited to maximise the accuracy of the OCR, ensuring they are text searchable. If you would like to view un-edited, full-colour versions of any of our pamphlets, please email librarian@conwayhall.org.uk.<br /><br /><span><img src="http://www.heritagefund.org.uk/sites/default/files/media/attachments/TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" width="238" height="91" alt="TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" /></span>
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Conway Hall Library & Archives
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2018
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Conway Hall Ethical Society
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Title
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Three letters on the Voysey judgment and the Christian Evidence Society's Lectures
Creator
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Wheelwright, G.
Description
An account of the resource
Place of publication: Ramsgate
Collation: 20 p. ; 18 cm.
Notes: From the library of Dr Moncure Conway. Printed by Turnbull and Spears, Edinburgh. The letters, written to Thomas Scott, centre around Voysey's trial, reported in the 'Examiner' of February 25th, 1871. Voysey's major work The Sling and the Stone was condemned by the conservative wing of the Anglican Church and William Thomson, Archbishop of York, began proceedings against him in 1869. He was summoned before the Chancery Court of York for heterodox teaching, where he defended his case for two years. He appealed to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council which gave its judgement on 11 February 1871. The pamphlet contains three letters; the full lectures to the Christian Evidence Society are not printed. Date of publication from KVK.
Publisher
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Thomas Scott
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
[1871]
Identifier
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G5517
Subject
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Bible
Heresy
Rights
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<a href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"><img src="http://i.creativecommons.org/p/mark/1.0/88x31.png" alt="Public Domain Mark" /></a><span> </span><br /><span>This work (Three letters on the Voysey judgment and the Christian Evidence Society's Lectures), identified by </span><a href="https://conwayhallcollections.omeka.net/items/show/www.conwayhall.org.uk"><span>Humanist Library and Archives</span></a><span>, is free of known copyright restrictions.</span>
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application/pdf
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Text
Language
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English
Bible-Criticism
Charles Voysey
Christian Evidence Society
Conway Tracts
Trials
-
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PDF Text
Text
����������������������������������������������������������
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Title
A name given to the resource
Victorian Blogging
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of digitised nineteenth-century pamphlets from Conway Hall Library & Archives. This includes the Conway Tracts, Moncure Conway's personal pamphlet library; the Morris Tracts, donated to the library by Miss Morris in 1904; the National Secular Society's pamphlet library and others. The Conway Tracts were bound with additional ephemera, such as lecture programmes and handwritten notes.<br /><br />Please note that these digitised pamphlets have been edited to maximise the accuracy of the OCR, ensuring they are text searchable. If you would like to view un-edited, full-colour versions of any of our pamphlets, please email librarian@conwayhall.org.uk.<br /><br /><span><img src="http://www.heritagefund.org.uk/sites/default/files/media/attachments/TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" width="238" height="91" alt="TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" /></span>
Creator
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Conway Hall Library & Archives
Date
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2018
Publisher
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Conway Hall Ethical Society
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Pamphlet
Dublin Core
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Title
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Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question
Description
An account of the resource
Place of publication: London
Collation: 47 p.
Notes: Published by Freethought Publishing Company, with a preface by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant. The copy has been annotated with reference to anatomical, psychological and medical evidence given by Bradlaugh and probably used by him in the trial of Bradlaugh (and Annie Besant) for publishing the pamphlet.
Creator
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Knowlton, Charles, 1800-1850
Contributor
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Bradlaugh, Charles, 1833-1891
Besant, Annie, 1847-1933
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
[1876]
Publisher
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Freethought Publishing Company
Subject
The topic of the resource
Birth control
Rights
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<div class="field two columns alpha"><a href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"><img src="http://i.creativecommons.org/p/mark/1.0/88x31.png" alt="Public Domain Mark" /></a> </div>
<div class="element-text five columns omega">
<p><span>This work (Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question), identified by </span><a href="https://conwayhallcollections.omeka.net/items/show/www.conwayhall.org.uk"><span>Humanist Library and Archives</span></a><span>, is free of known copyright restrictions.</span></p>
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NSS/7/11/1
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application/pdf
Type
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Text
Language
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English
Birth Control
Health
NSS
Obscenity
Trials
Women
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cbc163203b2ebfc494a1f62596669a1c
PDF Text
Text
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Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Victorian Blogging
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of digitised nineteenth-century pamphlets from Conway Hall Library & Archives. This includes the Conway Tracts, Moncure Conway's personal pamphlet library; the Morris Tracts, donated to the library by Miss Morris in 1904; the National Secular Society's pamphlet library and others. The Conway Tracts were bound with additional ephemera, such as lecture programmes and handwritten notes.<br /><br />Please note that these digitised pamphlets have been edited to maximise the accuracy of the OCR, ensuring they are text searchable. If you would like to view un-edited, full-colour versions of any of our pamphlets, please email librarian@conwayhall.org.uk.<br /><br /><span><img src="http://www.heritagefund.org.uk/sites/default/files/media/attachments/TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" width="238" height="91" alt="TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" /></span>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Conway Hall Library & Archives
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Conway Hall Ethical Society
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Pamphlet
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question
Description
An account of the resource
Edition: New edition, with notes
Place of publication: London
Collation: 47 p.
Notes: Published by Freethought Publishing Company, with a preface by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant. The copy has been annotated with reference to anatomical, psychological and medical evidence given by Bradlaugh and probably used by him in the trial of Bradlaugh (and Annie Besant) for publishing the pamphlet. Annotations on this copy refer to the text 'Hygiene' by A. Debay and 'social architecture'.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Knowlton, Charles, 1800-1850
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Bradlaugh, Charles, 1833-1891
Besant, Annie, 1847-1933
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
[1876]
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Freethought Publishing Company
Subject
The topic of the resource
Birth control
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<div class="field two columns alpha"><a href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"><img src="http://i.creativecommons.org/p/mark/1.0/88x31.png" alt="Public Domain Mark" /></a> </div>
<div class="element-text five columns omega">
<p><span>This work (Fruits of Philosophy: or, The Private Companion of Young Married Couples), identified by </span><a href="https://conwayhallcollections.omeka.net/items/show/www.conwayhall.org.uk"><span>Humanist Library and Archives</span></a><span>, is free of known copyright restrictions.</span></p>
</div>
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
NSS/7/11/2
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Language
A language of the resource
English
Birth Control
Health
NSS
Obscenity
Trials
Women
-
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PDF Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Victorian Blogging
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of digitised nineteenth-century pamphlets from Conway Hall Library & Archives. This includes the Conway Tracts, Moncure Conway's personal pamphlet library; the Morris Tracts, donated to the library by Miss Morris in 1904; the National Secular Society's pamphlet library and others. The Conway Tracts were bound with additional ephemera, such as lecture programmes and handwritten notes.<br /><br />Please note that these digitised pamphlets have been edited to maximise the accuracy of the OCR, ensuring they are text searchable. If you would like to view un-edited, full-colour versions of any of our pamphlets, please email librarian@conwayhall.org.uk.<br /><br /><span><img src="http://www.heritagefund.org.uk/sites/default/files/media/attachments/TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" width="238" height="91" alt="TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" /></span>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Conway Hall Library & Archives
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Conway Hall Ethical Society
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Pamphlet
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question
Description
An account of the resource
Edition: New edition, with notes
Place of publication: London
Collation: 47 p.
Notes: Published by Freethought Publishing Company, with a preface by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant. The copy has been annotated with reference to anatomical, psychological and medical evidence given by Bradlaugh and probably used by him in the trial of Bradlaugh (and Annie Besant) for publishing the pamphlet. Annotations on this copy refer to the texts 'Parturition' by Tyler Smith, 'Intermarriage' by Alexander Walker and 'Animal Physiology' by William Benjamin Carpenter.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Knowlton, Charles, 1800-1850
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Bradlaugh, Charles, 1833-1891
Besant, Annie, 1847-1933
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
[1876]
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Freethought Publishing Company
Subject
The topic of the resource
Birth control
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<div class="field two columns alpha"><a href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"><img src="http://i.creativecommons.org/p/mark/1.0/88x31.png" alt="Public Domain Mark" /></a> </div>
<div class="element-text five columns omega">
<p><span>This work (Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question), identified by </span><a href="https://conwayhallcollections.omeka.net/items/show/www.conwayhall.org.uk"><span>Humanist Library and Archives</span></a><span>, is free of known copyright restrictions.</span></p>
</div>
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
NSS/7/11/3
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Language
A language of the resource
English
Birth Control
Health
NSS
Obscenity
Trials
Women
-
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PDF Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Victorian Blogging
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of digitised nineteenth-century pamphlets from Conway Hall Library & Archives. This includes the Conway Tracts, Moncure Conway's personal pamphlet library; the Morris Tracts, donated to the library by Miss Morris in 1904; the National Secular Society's pamphlet library and others. The Conway Tracts were bound with additional ephemera, such as lecture programmes and handwritten notes.<br /><br />Please note that these digitised pamphlets have been edited to maximise the accuracy of the OCR, ensuring they are text searchable. If you would like to view un-edited, full-colour versions of any of our pamphlets, please email librarian@conwayhall.org.uk.<br /><br /><span><img src="http://www.heritagefund.org.uk/sites/default/files/media/attachments/TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" width="238" height="91" alt="TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" /></span>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Conway Hall Library & Archives
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Conway Hall Ethical Society
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Pamphlet
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question
Description
An account of the resource
Edition: New edition, with notes
Place of publication: London
Collation: 47 p.
Notes: Published by Freethought Publishing Company, with a preface by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant. The copy has been annotated with reference to anatomical, psychological and medical evidence given by Bradlaugh and probably used by him in the trial of Bradlaugh (and Annie Besant) for publishing the pamphlet. Annotations on this copy refer to the text 'Animal Physiology' by William Benjamin Carpenter.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Knowlton, Charles, 1800-1850
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Bradlaugh, Charles, 1833-1891
Besant, Annie, 1847-1933
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
[1876]
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Freethought Publishing Company
Subject
The topic of the resource
Birth control
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<div class="field two columns alpha"><a href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"><img src="http://i.creativecommons.org/p/mark/1.0/88x31.png" alt="Public Domain Mark" /></a> <br />This work (<span>Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question</span>), identified by <a href="https://conwayhallcollections.omeka.net/items/show/www.conwayhall.org.uk">Humanist Library and Archives</a>, is free of known copyright restrictions.</div>
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
NSS/7/11/4
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Language
A language of the resource
English
Birth Control
Health
NSS
Obscenity
Trials
Women
-
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PDF Text
Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Victorian Blogging
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of digitised nineteenth-century pamphlets from Conway Hall Library & Archives. This includes the Conway Tracts, Moncure Conway's personal pamphlet library; the Morris Tracts, donated to the library by Miss Morris in 1904; the National Secular Society's pamphlet library and others. The Conway Tracts were bound with additional ephemera, such as lecture programmes and handwritten notes.<br /><br />Please note that these digitised pamphlets have been edited to maximise the accuracy of the OCR, ensuring they are text searchable. If you would like to view un-edited, full-colour versions of any of our pamphlets, please email librarian@conwayhall.org.uk.<br /><br /><span><img src="http://www.heritagefund.org.uk/sites/default/files/media/attachments/TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" width="238" height="91" alt="TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" /></span>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Conway Hall Library & Archives
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Conway Hall Ethical Society
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Pamphlet
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question
Description
An account of the resource
Edition: New edition, with notes
Place of publication: London
Collation: 47 p.
Notes: Published by Freethought Publishing Company, with a preface by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant. The copy has been annotated with reference to anatomical, psychological and medical evidence given by Bradlaugh and probably used by him in the trial of Bradlaugh (and Annie Besant) for publishing the pamphlet. Annotations on this copy refer to the texts 'Diseases of women' and 'Theory and practice of midwifery' by Fleetwood Churchill.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Knowlton, Charles, 1800-1850
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Bradlaugh, Charles, 1833-1891
Besant, Annie, 1847-1933
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
[1876]
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Freethought Publishing Company
Subject
The topic of the resource
Birth control
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<div class="field two columns alpha"><a href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"><img src="http://i.creativecommons.org/p/mark/1.0/88x31.png" alt="Public Domain Mark" /></a> </div>
<div class="element-text five columns omega">
<p><span>This work (Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question), identified by </span><a href="https://conwayhallcollections.omeka.net/items/show/www.conwayhall.org.uk"><span>Humanist Library and Archives</span></a><span>, is free of known copyright restrictions.</span></p>
</div>
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
NSS/7/11/5
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Language
A language of the resource
English
Birth Control
Health
NSS
Obscenity
Trials
Women
-
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PDF Text
Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Victorian Blogging
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of digitised nineteenth-century pamphlets from Conway Hall Library & Archives. This includes the Conway Tracts, Moncure Conway's personal pamphlet library; the Morris Tracts, donated to the library by Miss Morris in 1904; the National Secular Society's pamphlet library and others. The Conway Tracts were bound with additional ephemera, such as lecture programmes and handwritten notes.<br /><br />Please note that these digitised pamphlets have been edited to maximise the accuracy of the OCR, ensuring they are text searchable. If you would like to view un-edited, full-colour versions of any of our pamphlets, please email librarian@conwayhall.org.uk.<br /><br /><span><img src="http://www.heritagefund.org.uk/sites/default/files/media/attachments/TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" width="238" height="91" alt="TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" /></span>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Conway Hall Library & Archives
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Conway Hall Ethical Society
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
English
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question
Description
An account of the resource
Edition: New edition, with notes
Place of publication: London
Collation: 47 p.
Notes: Published by Freethought Publishing Company, with a preface by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant. The copy has been annotated with reference to anatomical, psychological and medical evidence given by Bradlaugh and probably used by him in the trial of Bradlaugh (and Annie Besant) for publishing the pamphlet. Annotations on this copy refer to the text 'Homeopathie Vade Mecum'.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Knowlton, Charles, 1800-1850
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Bradlaugh, Charles, 1833-1891
Besant, Annie, 1847-1933
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
[1876]
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Freethought Publishing Company
Subject
The topic of the resource
Birth control
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"><img src="http://i.creativecommons.org/p/mark/1.0/88x31.png" alt="Public Domain Mark" /></a><span> </span><br /><span>This work (Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question), identified by </span><a href="https://conwayhallcollections.omeka.net/items/show/www.conwayhall.org.uk"><span>Humanist Library and Archives</span></a><span>, is free of known copyright restrictions.</span>
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
NSS/7/11/6
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Language
A language of the resource
English
Birth Control
Health
NSS
Obscenity
Trials
Women
-
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PDF Text
Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Victorian Blogging
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of digitised nineteenth-century pamphlets from Conway Hall Library & Archives. This includes the Conway Tracts, Moncure Conway's personal pamphlet library; the Morris Tracts, donated to the library by Miss Morris in 1904; the National Secular Society's pamphlet library and others. The Conway Tracts were bound with additional ephemera, such as lecture programmes and handwritten notes.<br /><br />Please note that these digitised pamphlets have been edited to maximise the accuracy of the OCR, ensuring they are text searchable. If you would like to view un-edited, full-colour versions of any of our pamphlets, please email librarian@conwayhall.org.uk.<br /><br /><span><img src="http://www.heritagefund.org.uk/sites/default/files/media/attachments/TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" width="238" height="91" alt="TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" /></span>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Conway Hall Library & Archives
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Conway Hall Ethical Society
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Pamphlet
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question
Description
An account of the resource
Edition: New edition, with notes
Place of publication: London
Collation: 47 p.
Notes: Published by Freethought Publishing Company, with a preface by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant. The copy has been annotated with reference to anatomical, psychological and medical evidence given by Bradlaugh and probably used by him in the trial of Bradlaugh (and Annie Besant) for publishing the pamphlet. Annotations on this copy refer to the texts 'The Physical Life of Woman' by Dr George H. Napheys, 'The Lady's Manual of Homeopathic Treatment' by E.H. Ruddock and 'Textbook of Physiology' by William Brinton.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Knowlton, Charles, 1800-1850
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Bradlaugh, Charles, 1833-1891
Besant, Annie, 1847-1933
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
[1876]
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Freethought Publishing Company
Subject
The topic of the resource
Birth control
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"><img src="http://i.creativecommons.org/p/mark/1.0/88x31.png" alt="Public Domain Mark" /></a><span> </span><br /><span>This work (Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question), identified by </span><a href="https://conwayhallcollections.omeka.net/items/show/www.conwayhall.org.uk"><span>Humanist Library and Archives</span></a><span>, is free of known copyright restrictions.</span>
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
NSS/7/11/7
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Language
A language of the resource
English
Birth Control
Health
NSS
Obscenity
Trials
Women
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25778/archive/files/c4e1ab99f4e1493a940a487034f8a254.pdf?Expires=1785369600&Signature=GUmUhYLuxOsYdtEt64Cc1o%7E3Egr1Y6dLnkSCTQ0dlTAxcF%7Epm56ui8IBAdlA0ib-UK18HUc8uJywldG3JznKyiXqvQifqqWcvUwe8epfwuZeZSMoSsmK8LAW6P7%7E8rV%7EXSy%7E3oyf8BKZRaU2KuWiJmWYapCU4E2-IRR18h0%7EBCE-3y2Wu142VrcsMs-NxCQFrNmk8PnFqs8MihMFTJd9LtEKNIqtSauMOG8UxneSJYeoOP0W3UYKk2ELCjeegAwlizMxv4xCaYEA344Wses01Zzmkc9Kz3FTOhXY2hBrsyCoIyIlNc6OaN17h5nUMVOb3%7EsbXSAvJI6JxXJ5qEpmgw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
b6170907508b59fdab3333d7cdd67a1e
PDF Text
Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Victorian Blogging
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of digitised nineteenth-century pamphlets from Conway Hall Library & Archives. This includes the Conway Tracts, Moncure Conway's personal pamphlet library; the Morris Tracts, donated to the library by Miss Morris in 1904; the National Secular Society's pamphlet library and others. The Conway Tracts were bound with additional ephemera, such as lecture programmes and handwritten notes.<br /><br />Please note that these digitised pamphlets have been edited to maximise the accuracy of the OCR, ensuring they are text searchable. If you would like to view un-edited, full-colour versions of any of our pamphlets, please email librarian@conwayhall.org.uk.<br /><br /><span><img src="http://www.heritagefund.org.uk/sites/default/files/media/attachments/TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" width="238" height="91" alt="TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" /></span>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Conway Hall Library & Archives
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Conway Hall Ethical Society
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Pamphlet
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question
Description
An account of the resource
Edition: New edition, with notes
Place of publication: London
Collation: 47 p.
Notes: Published by Freethought Publishing Company, with a preface by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant. The copy has been annotated with reference to anatomical, psychological and medical evidence given by Bradlaugh and probably used by him in the trial of Bradlaugh (and Annie Besant) for publishing the pamphlet. Annotations on this copy refer to the texts 'Treatment of Children' and 'System of Midwifery' by William Potts Dewees.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Knowlton, Charles, 1800-1850
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Bradlaugh, Charles, 1833-1891
Besant, Annie, 1847-1933
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
[1876]
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Freethought Publishing Company
Subject
The topic of the resource
Birth control
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"><img src="http://i.creativecommons.org/p/mark/1.0/88x31.png" alt="Public Domain Mark" /></a><span> </span><br /><span>This work (Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question), identified by </span><a href="https://conwayhallcollections.omeka.net/items/show/www.conwayhall.org.uk"><span>Humanist Library and Archives</span></a><span>, is free of known copyright restrictions.</span>
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
NSS/7/11/8
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Language
A language of the resource
English
Birth Control
Health
NSS
Obscenity
Trials
Women
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25778/archive/files/9adf22e5737671bbb65f8e7008dcae61.pdf?Expires=1785369600&Signature=hwCw833nYwogl0jgjl97Qews68VXZhgjOmJPiEJ5sGEsnyuKB%7EOajgoeDpQ9OS9mzPYckifKQLEPGlXs0U6SvLVAAFi-D5KYQJ3QreePp5CqGxciV5ExyiQlo%7E6msA08F1GJBBbIKT-zT8JufrQP12heh%7EXdWUpGEUC30%7ENjlGXQXiAyYVyPJKHcfMR-hn6plab9bw-j8Hz7SGiE82FduDnCt09O0Sbz105enG0ty440LvCufzusVqsjy%7EVTAYhcSpb61nmyde6t0Krs3KvoxZ4nTwokJSB6w7OpKVilh80bltZrkOiFdw0ltXV129NrtVsETP-JCcJ8FulHyL1ueQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
9ab4315dee620da3ad419b9eef88412e
PDF Text
Text
��������������������������������������������������������
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Victorian Blogging
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of digitised nineteenth-century pamphlets from Conway Hall Library & Archives. This includes the Conway Tracts, Moncure Conway's personal pamphlet library; the Morris Tracts, donated to the library by Miss Morris in 1904; the National Secular Society's pamphlet library and others. The Conway Tracts were bound with additional ephemera, such as lecture programmes and handwritten notes.<br /><br />Please note that these digitised pamphlets have been edited to maximise the accuracy of the OCR, ensuring they are text searchable. If you would like to view un-edited, full-colour versions of any of our pamphlets, please email librarian@conwayhall.org.uk.<br /><br /><span><img src="http://www.heritagefund.org.uk/sites/default/files/media/attachments/TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" width="238" height="91" alt="TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" /></span>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Conway Hall Library & Archives
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Conway Hall Ethical Society
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Pamphlet
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question
Description
An account of the resource
Edition: New edition, with notes
Place of publication: London
Collation: 47 p.
Notes: Published by Freethought Publishing Company, with a preface by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant. The copy has been annotated with reference to anatomical, psychological and medical evidence given by Bradlaugh and probably used by him in the trial of Bradlaugh (and Annie Besant) for publishing the pamphlet. Annotations on this copy refer to the texts 'What Young People Should Know' by Prof. Burt G. Wilder and 'Des Fraudes' by Beyeret.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Knowlton, Charles, 1800-1850
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Bradlaugh, Charles, 1833-1891
Besant, Annie, 1847-1933
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
[1876]
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Freethought Publishing Company
Subject
The topic of the resource
Birth control
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"><img src="http://i.creativecommons.org/p/mark/1.0/88x31.png" alt="Public Domain Mark" /></a><span> </span><br /><span>This work (Fruits of Philosophy. An essay on the population question), identified by </span><a href="https://conwayhallcollections.omeka.net/items/show/www.conwayhall.org.uk"><span>Humanist Library and Archives</span></a><span>, is free of known copyright restrictions.</span>
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
NSS/7/11/9
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Language
A language of the resource
English
Birth Control
Health
NSS
Obscenity
Trials
Women