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&
THE
FLUX-MOTOR;
OR,
THE TIDE
EMPLOYED AS A MOTIVE POWER
AT ANY DISTANCE FROM THE SEA.
BY
FERDINANDO TOMMASI.
THE MODEL OF THIS APPARATVS (SCALE
Ith) WORKING
DAILY AT THE
INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.
(INVENTION PATENTED IN ENGLAND, FRANCE, ETC., ETC.)
•I
4
JLonfton:
Printed by GILBERT & RIVINGTON,
52, ST. JOHN’S SQUARE, AND 28, WHITEFRTARS STREET, E.C.
1871.
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sea.
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be at
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iced,
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�THE
PRINCIPLE—j
Malbv & Sons loth•
The power of the
rarefaction of the :
of the sea raised
divisions or comps
The compressed
the same degree o
an equal tension ;
exterior air to ex
rarefaction, enablei
said apparatus witl
The flux-motor
1st. Of a reser
which is to the flu:
sories are to steam
2ndly. Of a mo
slight modification
steam-engine.
�THE FLEX-MOTOR:
PRINCIPLE—APPLICATION—DESCRIPTION
UTILITY.
The power of the Flux-motor consists in the tension and
rarefaction of the air produced, by the weight of the water
of the sea raised by the tide, in a recipient having two
divisions or compartments communicating with the sea.
The compressed air acts upon an apparatus motor with
the same degree of power as steam does, provided it be at
an equal tension ; and the rarefied air, by permitting the
exterior air to exercise a pressure proportionate to its
rarefaction, enables it also, in its turn, to act on the afore
said apparatus with an equal degree of power.
The flux-motor is essentially composed :
1st. Of a reservoir, by which the power is produced,
which is to the flux-motors what the boiler and its acces
sories are to steam-engines.
2ndly. Of a motive apparatus, constructed, with some
slight modifications, on the principle of a stationary
steam-engine.
�4
The reservoir is divided into two compartments or
divisions, G and F. Its lower base is below the level of
an average low tide at the syzygies A; its upper base, in
its vertical part, reaches the same level as the average
high tides at the syzygies C, and its horizontal division M
corresponds at the point which serves as a base at the unit
of height B.
In order to produce the various results of which we have
spoken, the reservoir must necessarily be entirely buried
in the sand, and consequently sheltered from the waves
and storms.
This reservoir may be constructed either of masonry,
hydraulic mortar, cast-iron, or iron-plates, and may be of
any form, and at any distance from the sea, provided that
it is placed at the aforesaid levels, and that the communi
cating tube D is proportionally prolonged.
As soon as the sea reaches the point B, the air con
tained in the compartment F, not being able to find an
outlet either by the tube H, whose orifice is submerged,
or by the tube I, whose cock is closed, is compressed to a
degree of tension proportionate to the weight of the sea
water. By putting, then, this compressed air into com
munication with the feeding tube of an apparatus similar
to a steam-engine, and constructed in due proportion,
both as regards the above tension and the amount of work
which it is desired to obtain, the apparatus will be put in
movement, and will continue to work till the fall of the
tide, i. e. during a period of about three hours. During
this time the water which penetrates freely by the tube H
into the compartment G (the tube K being in communi
�cation with the exterior air) fills the said compartment to
a level corresponding with the level of the sea. The cock
of the tube K is then closed, by which means the water
in the compartment G is prevented from escaping. As
soon as the sea descends to the point B, the water, which
remains as it were suspended in the compartment G, rare
fies, by its weight, the air which is found between it and
the motive apparatus; from which it results that, by
putting in communication fae feeding tube of the apparatus
with exterior air and its discharging tube with the tube K,
the weight of the exterior air bearing upon the piston of
the motive apparatus will be more or less considerable,
according to the degree of rarefaction of the air in the
tube K. This rarefaction being proportionate to the
weight represented by the height of the water in the com
partment G, and the height being the same as that of the
water which, a short time before, exercised its pressure
(at the rising tide), the pressure of the exterior air on the
piston, and consequently the degree of work which results
from it, will be the same as that of the compressed air,
and will continue so till the end of the reflux, i. e. for
about three hours.
By the above means it would be possible to obtain, per
petually, about three hours of work and three hours of rest.
For those branches of industry to which this inter
mittent work is not adapted, it would be necessary to
construct a motive apparatus, with two cylinders at right
angles, to which would be added a certain number of
pumps worked directly by its piston motors 0 and P, and
tile tides which occur during the night and on Sundays
�6
would be utilized, and be made to compress, by means
of the said pumps, the largest possible quantity of air,
and force it into the recipient N, which is in reality
nothing but the underground part of the factory, and
which takes the name of the reserve compartment. When
ever it is desired that the motive apparatus should exer
cise its power during the three hours of rest above
mentioned, it will only be necessary to take away from
the apparatus a cylinder and all its pumps, and put it in
communication with the reserve compartment, the com
pressed air of which will furnish the requisite power.
As the tubes K and I may be indefinitely prolonged,
the work to be obtained from the tides may be produced
at any distance from the sea.
Should a company, formed ad hoc, undertake the ex
penses of instalment, and let out to manufacturers the
motive force, at so much the cubic metre, in the same
way as is done with the gas *, the manufacturers would
be saved the enormous expense of boilers, which have to
be renewed every ten years, the insurance premium, both
against fire and explosion, the wages of the mechanics
and stokers, the cost of coal, which will necessarily be
come dearer in proportion as the mines become exhausted,
and they will have to pay only for the motive force of
which they have made effective use.
The cost of this motive force would be very moderate,
1 The company, in this case, would send to the different factories
the compressed air contained in a special reserve compartment, which
would be constantly kept filled by means of pumps worked by the
apparatus and flux-motors of the company.
�as, the flux-motors once established, their maintenance
would be essentially gratuitous.
The motive force of the flux-motor may be applied to
all kinds of industry, even to those where, on account of
the inflammable nature of the substance to be worked, it
is impossible to use steam. It is not affected by atmo
spheric variations, such as arise from decrease of water
in rivers and waterfalls, and, moreover, it can never fail
in its effects.
It is, then, useless to enlarge upon the advantages to
be derived from the use of the flux-motor, and upon the
important part it is destined to play in commerce and
in industrial pursuits.
�8
Explanation of the letters contained in the plate representing
a section of the sea, shore, reservoir, and reserve com
partment.
A. Level of average low tides during the syzygies.
B. Level of the point which serves as a base of the
unit of height.
C. Level of average high tides during the syzygies.
D. Tube of communication between the reservoir and
the sea.
E. Reservoir.
F. Lower compartment.
G. Upper compartment.
H. Tube of communication between the upper com
partment and the sea.
I. Tube of communication between the lower com
partment and the feeding tube of the motor apparatus.
K. Tube of communication between the upper com
partment and the discharge tube of the same apparatus.
L. Factory.
M. Horizontal division.
N. Reserve compartment.
O. Cylinder, with piston of the motor apparatus.
P. Pump for compressing the air.
Q. Valve.
R. Cocks.
S. The shore.
GILBERT AND RIVINGTON, PRINTERS, 52, ST. JOHN’S SQUARE, LONDON.
�
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Title
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Victorian Blogging
Description
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A collection of digitised nineteenth-century pamphlets from Conway Hall Library & Archives. This includes the Conway Tracts, Moncure Conway's personal pamphlet library; the Morris Tracts, donated to the library by Miss Morris in 1904; the National Secular Society's pamphlet library and others. The Conway Tracts were bound with additional ephemera, such as lecture programmes and handwritten notes.<br /><br />Please note that these digitised pamphlets have been edited to maximise the accuracy of the OCR, ensuring they are text searchable. If you would like to view un-edited, full-colour versions of any of our pamphlets, please email librarian@conwayhall.org.uk.<br /><br /><span><img src="http://www.heritagefund.org.uk/sites/default/files/media/attachments/TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" width="238" height="91" alt="TNLHLF_Colour_Logo_English_RGB_0_0.jpg" /></span>
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Conway Hall Library & Archives
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2018
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Conway Hall Ethical Society
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Title
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The flux-motor; or, the tide employed as a motive power at any distance from the sea
Creator
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Tommasi, Ferdinando [1832-1907.]
Description
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Place of publication: London
Collation: 8 p. : ill. (folded plan) ; 22 cm.
Notes: From the library of Dr Moncure Conway. "The model of this apparatus (scale 1/3th working daily at the International Exhibition" [from title page].
Publisher
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Printed by Gilbert & Rivington
Date
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1871
Identifier
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G5284
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Engineering
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<img src="http://i.creativecommons.org/p/mark/1.0/88x31.png" alt="Public Domain Mark" /><br /><span>This work (The flux-motor; or, the tide employed as a motive power at any distance from the sea), identified by </span><span><a href="https://conwayhallcollections.omeka.net/items/show/www.conwayhall.org.uk">Humanist Library and Archives</a></span><span>, is free of known copyright restrictions.</span>
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application/pdf
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Text
Language
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English
Air-Engines
Conway Tracts
Engines
Inventions
Tidal Power
Water Power